Protein Gck

URN	urn:agi-llid:2645
Total Entities	0
Connectivity	572
Name	Gck
Description	glucokinase (hexokinase 4)
Notes	Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, thus committing glucose to the glycolytic pathway. Alternative splicing of this gene results in three tissue-specific forms of glucokinase, one found in pancreatic islet beta cells and two found in liver. The protein localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. In contrast to other forms of hexokinase, this enzyme is not inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate but remains active while glucose is abundant. Mutations in this gene have been associated with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), maturity onset diabetes of the young, type 2 (MODY2) and persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI).

Ariadne Ontology	Glucose metabolism
	Glycogen degradation
	Secreted proteins
	Biofluids assayable substances

GO Molecular Function	protein phosphatase binding
	nucleotide binding
	ADP binding
	ATP binding
	glucose binding
	magnesium ion binding
	transferase activity
	phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor
	kinase activity
	hexokinase activity
	glucokinase activity

GO Biological Process	transmembrane transport
	positive regulation of insulin secretion
	regulation of insulin secretion
	cellular response to glucose starvation
	second-messenger-mediated signaling
	positive regulation of glycolysis
	regulation of glycolysis
	positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process
	positive regulation of phosphorylation
	negative regulation of gluconeogenesis
	negative regulation of epinephrine secretion
	NADP metabolic process
	carbohydrate phosphorylation
	glycogen biosynthetic process
	glycolysis
	phosphorylation
	glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process
	fructose 2,6-bisphosphate metabolic process
	calcium ion import
	cellular glucose homeostasis
	elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration
	cellular response to leptin stimulus
	cellular response to insulin stimulus
	detection of glucose
	response to glucose stimulus
	regulation of glucose transport
	regulation of potassium ion transport
	endocrine pancreas development
	hexose transport
	glucose transport
	carbohydrate metabolic process
	glucose metabolic process
	small molecule metabolic process
	glucose homeostasis

Pathway	IL6 Expression Targets
	HGF/STAT Expression Targets
	IGF1/CEBPA/FOXO1A Expression Targets
	IGF1/STAT Expression Targets
	Insulin/ELK-SRF/HIF1A/MYC/SREBF Expression Targets
	Insulin/STAT Expression Targets
	EGF/AP-1/ATF Expression Targets
	HGF/AP-1/CREB/ELK-SRF/MYC Expression Targets
	IGF1/ELK-SRF/HIF1A/MYC/SREBF Expression Targets
	IGF1/MEF/MYOD/MYOG Expression Targets
	Insulin/CEBPA/CTNNB/FOXA/FOXO Expression Targets
	Insulin/MEF/MYOD Expression Targets
	altered insulin secretion pathway
	insulin secretion pathway
	altered insulin secretion pathway
	insulin secretion pathway
	altered insulin secretion pathway
	insulin secretion pathway
	altered insulin secretion pathway

Group	Glucose metabolism
	Glycogen degradation
	transmembrane transport
	positive regulation of insulin secretion
	regulation of insulin secretion
	cellular response to glucose starvation
	second-messenger-mediated signaling
	positive regulation of glycolysis
	regulation of glycolysis
	positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process
	positive regulation of phosphorylation
	negative regulation of gluconeogenesis
	negative regulation of epinephrine secretion
	NADP metabolic process
	carbohydrate phosphorylation
	glycogen biosynthetic process
	glycolysis
	phosphorylation
	glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process
	fructose 2,6-bisphosphate metabolic process
	calcium ion import
	cellular glucose homeostasis
	elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration
	cellular response to leptin stimulus
	cellular response to insulin stimulus
	detection of glucose
	response to glucose stimulus
	regulation of glucose transport
	regulation of potassium ion transport
	endocrine pancreas development
	hexose transport
	glucose transport
	carbohydrate metabolic process
	glucose metabolic process
	small molecule metabolic process
	glucose homeostasis
	protein phosphatase binding
	nucleotide binding
	ADP binding
	ATP binding
	glucose binding
	magnesium ion binding
	transferase activity
	phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor
	kinase activity
	hexokinase activity
	glucokinase activity
	nucleoplasm
	actin filament
	cytoplasm
	mitochondrion
	cell cortex part
	cytosol
	cell cortex
	secretory granule
	nucleus
	Secreted proteins
	Biofluids assayable substances

MedScan ID	2645

Hugo ID	4195

Human chromosome position	7p15.3-p15.1

Alias	GK
	GLK
	HK4
	HHF3
	HKIV
	HXKP
	LGLK
	MODY2
	FGQTL3
	glucokinase
	HK IV
	hexokinase-4
	hexokinase-D
	hexokinase type IV
	hexokinase D, pancreatic isozyme
	ATP:D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase
	RP23-340E18.1
	hexokinase 4
	GLUKA
	RNGK2
	OTTHUMP00000209239
	maturity onset diabetes of the young protein 2
	maturity onset diabetes of the young protein II
	OTTHUMP00000159308
	OTTMUSP00000006665
	OTTMUSP00000006667
	OTTHUMP00000024521
	ATP:D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase 4
	ATP:D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase IV
	hexokinase 4, maturity onset diabetes of the young II
	GCK/MODY2
	glucokinase (hexokinase 4)
	glucokinase isoform 1
	glucokinase isoform 2
	glucokinase isoform 3
	glucokinase isoform I
	glucokinase isoform II
	glucokinase isoform III
	hexokinase 4, maturity onset diabetes of the young 2
	GCK
	HK IV
	pancreatic isozyme

EC Number	2.7.1.2

Cell Localization	Cytoplasm

Mouse chromosome position	11 1.0 cM

Rat chromosome position	14q21

Homologene ID	55440

MGI ID	1270854

RGD ID	2670

Primary Cell Localization	Cytoplasm