ProtModification Insr --+> Irs1

URN urn:agi-ProtModification:inout-urn:agi-llid:3643:out-urn:agi-llid:3667::positive:phosphorylation
References 64
Connectivity 2
Effect positive
Mechanism phosphorylation
Original # of References 64

TextRef info:pmid/9468537#abs:1
PubYear 1998
MedlineTA J Biol Chem
MedLine Reference 9468537:0
Sentence Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is phosphorylated on multiple tyrosine residues by ligand-activated insulin receptors.

TextRef info:pmid/7588273#abs:1
PubYear 1995
MedlineTA Endocrinology
MedLine Reference 7588273:0
Sentence The insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is rapidly phosphorylated on several tyrosine residues by the activated insulin receptor.

TextRef info:pmid/1385403#abs:8
PubYear 1992
MedlineTA J Biol Chem
MedLine Reference 1385403:7
Sentence Purified insulin receptors directly phosphorylated baculovirus-produced IRS-1 exclusively on tyrosine residues.
Organ Ovary
Organism Mesocricetus auratus

TextRef info:pmid/17905199#abs:2
PubYear 2007
MedlineTA Biochem Biophys Res Commun
MedLine Reference 17905199:1
Sentence The activated insulin receptor phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1), which acts as a docking protein for downstream signal mediators.
CellType Adipocytes

TextRef info:pmid/9486163#abs:1
PubYear 1998
MedlineTA Am J Physiol
MedLine Reference 9486163:0
Sentence After insulin binding, insulin receptors phosphorylate the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) on specific motifs and thereby initiate insulin action.
TextMods 41: '(IR) ' -> ''

TextRef info:pmid/9346913#abs:6
PubYear 1997
MedlineTA J Biol Chem
MedLine Reference 9346913:5
Sentence Thus, tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 by the insulin receptor specifically requires a Pleckstrin homology domain derived from IRS proteins.
TextMods 88: 'PH ' -> 'Pleckstrin homology '

TextRef info:pmid/11018022#abs:2
PubYear 2000
MedlineTA J Biol Chem
MedLine Reference 11018022:1
Sentence The N terminus of IRS-1 contains a pleckstrin homology domain that is critical for recognition and subsequent phosphorylation of IRS-1 by the activated insulin receptor.
TextMods 55: '(PH) ' -> ''

TextRef info:pmid/8387037#abs:4
PubYear 1993
MedlineTA Diabetes
MedLine Reference 8387037:3
Sentence We suspect that insulin signals are enabled when the activated insulin receptor kinase phosphorylates specific tyrosine residues in IRS-1.
CellType Oocytes
Organ Ovary
Organism Mesocricetus auratus

TextRef info:pmid/15522123#abs:11
PubYear 2004
MedlineTA BMC Biol
MedLine Reference 15522123:10
Sentence These effects were confirmed using RNA interference against HDAC2, indicating that HDAC2 specifically prevents phosphorylation of IRS-1 by the insulin receptor.
Organ Liver

TextRef info:pmid/8297340#abs:9
PubYear 1994
MedlineTA Biochem J
MedLine Reference 8297340:8
Sentence However, the addition of ATP, which allows phosphorylation of IRS-1 by the insulin receptor, also enhances the coupling of PtdIns 3-kinase to the insulin receptor.

TextRef info:pmid/7651388#abs:1
PubYear 1995
MedlineTA Mol Cell Biol
MedLine Reference 7651388:0
Sentence Insulin signals are mediated through tyrosine phosphorylation of specific proteins such as insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and Shc by the activated insulin receptor .
TextMods 170: '(IR)' -> ''

TextRef info:pmid/11287630#abs:1
PubYear 2001
MedlineTA Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
MedLine Reference 11287630:0
Sentence Tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) by the insulin receptor permits this docking protein to interact with signaling proteins that promote insulin action.

TextRef info:pmid/9210235#abs:2
PubYear 1997
MedlineTA Soc Gen Physiol Ser
MedLine Reference 9210235:1
Sentence The active insulin receptor phosphorylates tyrosine residues of intracellular proteins such as the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) which acts as docking sites for molecules containing Src homology 2 domains.
TextMods 204: '(SH2) ' -> ''

TextRef info:pmid/9609110#abs:2
PubYear 1998
MedlineTA Mol Cell Biochem
MedLine Reference 9609110:1
Sentence The activated insulin receptor phosphorylates the intracellular substrate IRS-1, which then binds various signalling molecules that contain SRC homology 2 domains, thereby propagating the insulin signal.

TextRef info:pmid/8282127#abs:1
PubYear 1993
MedlineTA Nippon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi
MedLine Reference 8282127:0
Sentence Insulin binds to the alpha subunit of the insulin receptor which activates the tyrosine kinase in the beta subunit and tyrosine-phosphorylates the insulin receptor substrates-1 (IRS-1).

TextRef info:pmid/7592659#abs:8
PubYear 1995
MedlineTA J Biol Chem
MedLine Reference 7592659:7
Sentence Taken together, these data indicate that insulin receptors phosphorylate IRS-1 at the cell surface, perhaps in coated pits which are included in the low density microsome fraction.
CellType Adipocytes

TextRef info:pmid/7543044#abs:1
PubYear 1995
MedlineTA Endocrinology
MedLine Reference 7543044:0
Sentence The insulin receptor phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and Shc on tyrosine residues, both of which associate with the protein-abundant Src homology/growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 leading to p21ras activation.
TextMods 204: '(ASH/GRB2) ' -> ' '

TextRef info:pmid/8119950#abs:6
PubYear 1994
MedlineTA J Biol Chem
MedLine Reference 8119950:5
Sentence Taken together these data suggest that serine/threonine phosphorylation of IRS 1 induced by okadaic acid reduces the ability of the insulin receptor to phosphorylate IRS 1 and to dock one of its interacting molecules, i.e.
CellType Adipocytes

TextRef info:pmid/9271396#abs:1
PubYear 1997
MedlineTA Mol Cell Biol
MedLine Reference 9271396:0
Sentence The ability of insulin to stimulate protein synthesis and cellular growth is mediated through the insulin receptor , which phosphorylates Tyr residues in the insulin receptor substrate-signaling proteins (IRS-1 and IRS-2), Gab-1, and Shc.
TextMods 115: '(IR)' -> ''

TextRef info:pmid/9492017#body:59
PubYear 1998
MedlineTA Endocrinology
MedLine Reference 9492017:1058
Sentence We also have compared the tryptic maps of IRS-1 phosphorylated by the insulin receptor vs.

TextRef info:pmid/9128728#title:1
PubYear 1997
MedLine Reference 9128728:100
Sentence In vitro binding and phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 by the insulin receptor.

TextRef info:pmid/9374521#body:200
PubYear 1997
MedlineTA J Biol Chem
MedLine Reference 9374521:1199
Sentence Therefore, we consider that Trks as well as the insulin receptor directly phosphorylate IRS-1 and -2.

TextRef info:pmid/11916925#body:192
PubYear 2002
MedlineTA Diabetes
MedLine Reference 11916925:1191
Sentence IRS-1 and IRS-2 are phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by the insulin receptor after insulin stimulation.

TextRef info:pmid/16269459#body:62
PubYear 2006
MedlineTA Endocrinology
MedLine Reference 16269459:1061
Sentence The activated insulin receptor phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) at tyrosine residues (11, 12, 13).
CellType Adipocytes

TextRef info:pmid/11739394#body:36
PubYear 2002
MedlineTA J Biol Chem
MedLine Reference 11739394:1035
Sentence The pleckstrin homology domain is required for efficient phosphorylation of IRS-1 by the insulin receptor (13-15).
TextMods 4: 'PH ' -> 'pleckstrin homology '
Tissue Muscle, Smooth, Vascular

TextRef info:pmid/19542202#body:279
PubYear 2009
MedlineTA Diabetes
MedLine Reference 19542202:1278
Sentence We showed that bacteria-derived SH2B1 markedly increased the ability of purified insulin receptor to tyrosyl phosphorylate IRS-1 in vitro.

TextRef info:pmid/11875115#body:189
PubYear 2002
MedlineTA Mol Endocrinol
MedLine Reference 11875115:1188
Sentence It is suggested that upon insulin stimulation, only a small portion of IRS-1 is phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by the insulin receptor.

TextRef info:pmid/16492903#body:450
PubYear 2006
MedlineTA Endocr Rev
MedLine Reference 16492903:1449
Sentence The insulin receptor then phosphorylates tyrosine residues on the insulin receptor substrates (IRS-1-IRS-4).
Tissue Muscle, Smooth, Vascular
CellType Endothelial Cells

TextRef info:pmid/10077007#body:147
PubYear 1999
MedlineTA Mol Endocrinol
MedLine Reference 10077007:1146
Sentence It is likely that mIRS-3-F4 exerts its inhibitory action by competing with the ability of the insulin receptor to phosphorylate endogenous IRS-1, -2, and -3.

TextRef info:pmid/17560336#body:264
PubYear 2007
MedlineTA Cancer Cell
MedLine Reference 17560336:1263
Sentence Activated insulin receptor phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate-1 at tyrosine residues inducing downstream activation of PI3K.
TextMods 42: 'IRS' -> 'insulin receptor substrate'
CellType Lymphocytes, Null

TextRef info:pmid/11375341#body:158
PubYear 2001
MedlineTA Diabetes
MedLine Reference 11375341:1157
Sentence The activated insulin receptor phosphorylates the insulin receptor substrates, IRS-1 and IRS-2, on multiple tyrosines.
Tissue Serum
Organ Abdomen

TextRef info:pmid/8530404#body:113
PubYear 1995
MedlineTA J Biol Chem
MedLine Reference 8530404:1112
Sentence In addition, the insulin receptor phosphorylates IRS-1, a docking protein with multiple Tyr-Xaa-Xaa-Met motifs that also provide binding sites for the SH2 domains of p85(14).

TextRef info:pmid/17332155#body:201
PubYear 2007
MedlineTA Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
MedLine Reference 17332155:1200
Sentence Upon activation, the insulin receptor catalyzes the tyrosine phosphorylation of several intracellular substrates, including the IRS1 and IRS2.
Organ Soleus muscle

TextRef info:pmid/9275179#body:113
PubYear 1997
MedlineTA Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
MedLine Reference 9275179:1112
Sentence To detect insulin receptor-catalyzed tyrosine phosphorylation of the substrate IRS-1, immunoblot analysis was performed using monoclonal antibodies to phosphotyrosine.
TextMods 10: 'IR' -> 'insulin receptor'

TextRef info:pmid/11245597#body:176
PubYear 2001
MedlineTA Am J Physiol Cell Physiol
MedLine Reference 11245597:1175
Sentence Both the IGF-I receptor and insulin receptor undergo autophosphorylation in response to ligand binding and subsequently phosphorylate tyrosine residues on a common substrate, IRS-1.

TextRef info:pmid/12907755#body:240
PubYear 2003
MedlineTA Mol Endocrinol
MedLine Reference 12907755:1239
Sentence Similarly, the insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1 are both phosphorylated by the insulin receptor kinase at similar sites, both of which are good substrates for PTP1B.

TextRef info:pmid/10614641#body:331
PubYear 2000
MedlineTA Endocrinology
MedLine Reference 10614641:1330
Sentence Thus, reduced temperature did not further inhibit the ability of the activated insulin receptor kinase to phosphorylate IRS-1 in Rab4DeltaCT-infected cells, but did inhibit this process in control infected cells.

TextRef info:pmid/15372106#body:108
PubYear 2004
MedlineTA J Clin Invest
MedLine Reference 15372106:1107
Sentence This may in turn interfere with IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation by the insulin receptor, as occurs upon treatment with TNF-α and okadaic acid, leading to decreased activation of PI3K (24, 25).

TextRef info:pmid/11544268#body:71
PubYear 2001
MedlineTA J Clin Invest
MedLine Reference 11544268:1070
Sentence Whereas purified insulin receptor phosphorylates IRS-1 exclusively on tyrosine residues, treatment of the intact cell with hormone leads to extensive phosphorylation on serine and threonine.

TextRef info:pmid/12799319#body:347
PubYear 2003
MedlineTA Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
MedLine Reference 12799319:1346
Sentence Insulin rapidly induces Insulin receptorbeta phosphorylation in explant retinas, and the Insulin receptor preferentially phosphorylates IRS-2 to a greater extent than IRS-1.
TextMods 24: 'IR' -> 'Insulin receptor' 89: 'IR ' -> 'Insulin receptor '
Organ Retina

TextRef info:pmid/18567823#body:230
PubYear 2008
MedlineTA Diabetes
MedLine Reference 18567823:1229
Sentence The activated c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase phosphorylates serine residues of IRS-1/2 and consequently prevents tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1/2 by insulin receptor (16).
TextMods 14: 'c-JNK ' -> 'c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase '
CellType Hepatocytes

TextRef info:pmid/10517679#body:211
PubYear 1999
MedlineTA Mol Endocrinol
MedLine Reference 10517679:1210
Sentence This apparent delayed effect of IRS-1 on insulin receptor phosphorylation suggests that IRS-1 first needs to be phosphorylated by the insulin receptor before affecting insulin receptor phosphorylation.

TextRef info:pmid/9408743#body:257
PubYear 1997
MedlineTA Endocr Rev
MedLine Reference 9408743:1256
Sentence The tyrosine-phosphorylated insulin receptor phosphorylates intracellular substrates, such as insulin receptor substrate -1 and IRS-2, initiating signal transduction and the plieotropic actions of insulin.
TextMods 121: '(IRS)' -> ''

TextRef info:pmid/15314154#body:35
PubYear 2004
MedlineTA Mol Cell Biol
MedLine Reference 15314154:1034
Sentence Upon activation, Insulin receptor tyrosyl phosphorylates and activates multiple signaling molecules, including Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), IRS2, IRS3, IRS4, Shc, APS, and SH2-B (4, 27, 30, 40, 41, 43).
TextMods 17: 'IR ' -> 'Insulin receptor ' 111: 'IR ' -> 'Insulin receptor '

TextRef info:pmid/16567515#body:247
PubYear 2006
MedlineTA Diabetes
MedLine Reference 16567515:1246
Sentence Even though the insulin receptor and JAK2 phosphorylate IRS-1 on distinct tyrosine residues (15), it appears that IRS1/2 phosphorylation by JAK2 is not necessary for insulin-induced responses.
CellType Muscle Fibers, Skeletal

TextRef info:pmid/15994203#body:59
PubYear 2005
MedlineTA Mol Endocrinol
MedLine Reference 15994203:1058
Sentence The insulin receptor, on the other hand, is a receptor tyrosine kinase, which activates its signaling cascade by phosphorylating various intracellular substrates, including IRS-1, IRS-2, Shc, and Gαq/11.
CellType Adipocytes

TextRef info:pmid/15302844#body:163
PubYear 2004
MedlineTA Hypertension
MedLine Reference 15302844:1162
Sentence These findings suggest that phosphorylation at serine 307 may be capable of inhibiting not only tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 by insulin receptor but also tyrosine kinase activity of insulin receptor.
TextMods 133: 'IR ' -> 'insulin receptor ' 187: 'IR' -> 'insulin receptor'
Organ Aorta

TextRef info:pmid/10449437#body:78
PubYear 1999
MedlineTA J Clin Invest
MedLine Reference 10449437:1077
Sentence Once bound and phosphorylated, insulin receptor will phosphorylate IRS-1, IRS-2, and Shc and activate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Raf-mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways (1, 30).
TextMods 31: 'IR ' -> 'insulin receptor ' 102: 'PI 3-kinase ' -> 'phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase ' 140: 'MAP ' -> 'mitogen-activated protein '
Tissue Muscle, Smooth, Vascular
CellType Endothelial Cells

TextRef info:pmid/10809663#body:144
PubYear 2000
MedlineTA Genes Dev
MedLine Reference 10809663:1143
Sentence Phosphorylation of IRS-1 by the insulin receptor creates multiple binding sites for phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase, whereas Shc and FRS2 primarily engage Grb2, and thus are principally involved in activating the MAP kinase pathway.
TextMods 84: 'PI3K' -> 'phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase' 214: 'MAPK ' -> 'MAP kinase '

TextRef info:pmid/11248703#body:239
PubYear 2001
MedlineTA Eur J Biochem
MedLine Reference 11248703:1238
Sentence The activated insulin receptor kinase phosphorylates IRS-1 and Shc, which both associate with the adaptor proteins Grb-2-SOS, leading to p21ras, raf, MEK and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.
TextMods 14: 'IRK ' -> 'insulin receptor kinase ' 158: 'MAPK ' -> 'mitogen-activated protein kinase '
CellType Adipocytes
Organ Liver
Organism Rattus norvegicus

TextRef info:pmid/11147799#body:46
PubYear 2001
MedlineTA Diabetes
MedLine Reference 11147799:1045
Sentence Subsequently, the activated insulin receptor phosphorylates a number of protein substrates on tyrosine such as insulin receptor substrate -1/IRS-2 and Shc (4,5) which can then interact with multiple targets to mediate the pleiotropic actions of insulin (6,7,8).
TextMods 28: 'IR ' -> 'insulin receptor ' 94: 'tyr ' -> 'tyrosine ' 138: '(IRS)' -> ''

TextRef info:pmid/20332342#body:247
PubYear 2010
MedlineTA Diabetes
MedLine Reference 20332342:1246
Sentence All of these kinases can phosphorylate IRS1 on critical serine residues, thereby blocking phosphorylation of IRS1 by insulin receptor kinase on tyrosine sites that are required for phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase association and activation (40).
TextMods 117: 'IR ' -> 'insulin receptor ' 181: 'PI3K ' -> 'phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase '
Tissue Skeletal muscle

TextRef info:pmid/9813005#body:54
PubYear 1998
MedlineTA J Biol Chem
MedLine Reference 9813005:1053
Sentence The Pleckstrin homology domain in the IRS proteins may have a common function that mediates receptor coupling, because chimeric IRS-1 proteins bearing the Pleckstrin homology domains from IRS-2 or Gab-1 are phosphorylated normally by the insulin receptor (24).
TextMods 4: 'PH ' -> 'Pleckstrin homology ' 155: 'PH ' -> 'Pleckstrin homology '

TextRef info:pmid/18252807#body:59
PubYear 2008
MedlineTA Mol Pharmacol
MedLine Reference 18252807:1058
Sentence Ligand-activated insulin receptor and tyrosine-phosphorylated IRS1 relay signal transmission to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt pathway, and activation of this pathway then enhances mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-p70S6 kinase (S6K) 1 activity.
TextMods 17: 'IR ' -> 'insulin receptor '

TextRef info:pmid/11316748#body:130
PubYear 2001
MedlineTA Endocrinology
MedLine Reference 11316748:1129
Sentence While a direct interaction between the pleckstrin homology domain of the insulin receptor substrate molecules and the insulin or IGF-I receptors has not been demonstrated, its presence is essential for efficient tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 by the insulin receptor.
TextMods 39: 'PH ' -> 'pleckstrin homology ' 73: 'IRS ' -> 'insulin receptor substrate '

TextRef info:pmid/17652184#body:157
PubYear 2007
MedlineTA Mol Endocrinol
MedLine Reference 17652184:1156
Sentence E, Densitometry data were obtained using Genetools software and expressed as the bar graph of phosphorylated-Akt (473), phosphorylated-insulin receptor (Tyr 1162/1163), Tyr-phosphorylated-IRS-1, and IRS-1-associated p85 in insulin-stimulated and adenovirus comprising enhanced green fluorescent protein- or Ad-miR-29-infected cells.
TextMods 135: 'IR ' -> 'insulin receptor ' 246: 'Ad-eGFP' -> 'adenovirus comprising enhanced green fluorescent protein'
CellType Adipocytes

TextRef info:pmid/10098842#body:188
PubYear 1999
MedlineTA J Neurochem
MedLine Reference 10098842:1187
Sentence The in vitro kinase assay using intracellular kinase domain-TrkB and GST-BIT indicated that BIT-TAM can be a good substrate for Trk receptor kinase, and sequences around the tyrosine phosphorylation sites of BIT-TAM are similar to those of insulin receptor substrate-1, which is known to be phosphorylated by the insulin receptor.
TextMods 32: 'ICD' -> 'intracellular kinase domain'
Organ Cerebral cortex

TextRef info:pmid/15590636#body:117
PubYear 2005
MedlineTA J Biol Chem
MedLine Reference 15590636:1116
Sentence RESULTS TOP ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES RESULTS DISCUSSION REFERENCES In Vitro Phosphorylation of the IRS-1-(925-1008) Fragment Is Reduced by the G972R Polymorphism-In vivo association of IRS-1 via the PTB domain (Fig. 1) with Tyr960 of the insulin receptor is normally required for optimal phosphorylation of IRS-1 by the insulin receptor (20, 21).

TextRef info:pmid/11313945#body:119
PubYear 2001
MedlineTA Oncogene
MedLine Reference 11313945:1118
Sentence Indeed, in the insulin signaling system, it has been shown that the inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of the docking protein IRS1 by insulin receptor in response to okadaic acid is due to the disruption of the IRS-1/insulin receptor complex by the binding of 14-3-3 to serine phosphorylated IRS-1 (Ogihara et al., 1997).

TextRef info:pmid/9415395#body:231
PubYear 1997
MedlineTA Mol Endocrinol
MedLine Reference 9415395:1230
Sentence The activated insulin receptor kinase tyrosine phosphorylates IRS-1 (35, 36) and, in certain cell lines Shc (27, 36), each of which associates with Grb-2-Sos leading to the exchange of GDP for GTP on p21ras, resulting in p21ras activation and the sequential activation, by serine/threonine phosphorylation, of Raf and MEK.
TextMods 14: 'IRK ' -> 'insulin receptor kinase '

TextRef info:pmid/11163213#body:74
PubYear 2000
MedlineTA Mol Cell
MedLine Reference 11163213:1073
Sentence insulin receptor kinase-catalyzed phosphorylation of proteins, such as IRS-1 and IRS-2, creates high-affinity binding sites for proteins that contain Src homology 2 domains, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase , resulting in the assembly of the multiprotein signaling complexes that mediate the effects of insulin on cellular metabolism, growth, and glucose homeostasis (reviewed by Patti and Kahn 1998).
TextMods 0: 'IRK' -> 'insulin receptor kinase' 165: '(SH2) ' -> '' 212: '(PI3-K)' -> ''

TextRef info:pmid/16020478#body:58
PubYear 2005
MedlineTA Endocrinology
MedLine Reference 16020478:1057
Sentence The insulin receptor in turn phosphorylates IRS-1 on tyrosine residues that serve as recognition sites for proteins with Src homology 2 (Src homology domain 2) domains, such as the regulatory subunits of phosphatidylinositol -3-kinase, Grb2/Sos, and SH protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP-2), a protein tyrosine phosphatase that dampens insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 (2).
TextMods 137: 'SH2' -> 'Src homology domain 2' 225: '(PI)' -> ''

TextRef info:pmid/15504931#body:241
PubYear 2004
MedlineTA J Am Soc Nephrol
MedLine Reference 15504931:1240
Sentence As in the hepatocyte, increase in intramyocellular FA in skeletal muscle has been shown to impair insulin receptor signaling by PKC-dependent serine phosphorylation of IRS-1; this leads to reduced IRS-1 availability for tyrosine phosphorylation, reducing Glut 4 translocation to the myocyte plasma membrane with consequent reduction in glucose uptake (6).
Tissue Skeletal muscle
CellType Hepatocytes

TextRef info:pmid/15182363#body:199
PubYear 2004
MedlineTA Eur J Biochem
MedLine Reference 15182363:1198
Sentence Localization of IRS1 in the plasma membrane and caveolae of human adipocytes As IRS1 phosphorylation by the insulin receptor was not dependent on plasma membrane cholesterol/caveolae integrity, as has been found to be the case in rat adipocytes [22], we examined if IRS1 was localized in the plasma membrane and caveolae in human adipocytes.
CellType Adipocytes
Organism Homo sapiens