Gene:	TNF ( Homo sapiens ) tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2)
Description:	This gene encodes a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophages. It can bind to, and thus functions through its receptors TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. This cytokine is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. This cytokine has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer. Knockout studies in mice also suggested the neuroprotective function of this cytokine. [provided by RefSeq]
Synonyms:	TNF-alpha; TNFSF2; DIF; TNFA;
Gene Type:	protein-coding
Additional Data
Candidate gene for:	BW325_H - Body weight QTL 325 (human) BMD5_H - Bone mineral density QTL 5 (human) BW111_H - Body weight QTL 111 (human)
Homologs
Mus musculus: Tnf     See the Mouse gene in context in:     UCSC     NCBI MapViewer
Rattus norvegicus: Tnf     See the Rat gene in context in:     UCSC     NCBI MapViewer
Comparative Map Data Species Symbol Map Name Chr. Position Rattus norvegicus Tnf genome assembly 3.1 20 3661370 - 3663010     RH 3.4 20 51.4     RH 3.4 20 51.3     Rat Celera Assembly 20 4400860 - 4403478     RGSC genome assembly v3.4 20 3661000 - 3663618     Cytogenetic 20 p12 Mus musculus Tnf Mouse genome assembly build 36.1 17 35336335 - 35338941     Cytogenetic 17 17 B1 Homo sapiens TNF human genome assembly 6 31651328 - 31654091     Human genome assembly build 36.2 6 31651329 - 31654091     Cytogenetic 6 p21.3   View comparative maps:      NCBI MapViewer
Annotation
Molecular Function	Gene Ontology tumor necrosis factor receptor binding,  identical protein binding,  cytokine activity (details...)
Biological Process	Gene Ontology positive regulation of vitamin D biosynthetic process,  negative regulation of glucose import,  regulation of immunoglobulin secretion ...  (details...)
Cellular Component	Gene Ontology phagocytic cup,  extracellular space,  membrane raft ...  (details...)
Disease	Ontology Schizophrenia,  Pre-Eclampsia,  Insulin Resistance ...  (details...)
Pathway	Ontology p38 MAPK signaling pathway,  c-Jun N-terminal kinases MAPK signaling pathway,  tumor necrosis factor mediated signaling pathway ...  (details...)
External Links
Databases	DATABASE ID SOURCE OMIM: 191160 ENTREZGENE HGNC ID: TNF ENTREZGENE Entrez Gene: TNF ENTREZGENE HomoloGene Group ID: 496 ENTREZGENE HPRD ID: 01855 ENTREZGENE
Sequences	Nucleotide: NG_007462 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: M10988 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: FJ795028 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: BI908079 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: BC028148 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AK314960 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AJ251879 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AJ251878 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AJ227911 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AF098751 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AF043342 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AB451492 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: Z15026 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: Y14768 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: X02910 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: M26331 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: M16441 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: CS081473 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: CR942185 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: CR759886 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: CR753892 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: CH471081 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: BX927320 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: BX248519 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: BA000025 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AY799806 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AY214167 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AY066019 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AL929587 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AL662847 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AL662801 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AJ270944 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AJ249755 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AF129756 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AB202113 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AB103618 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: AB088112 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: X01394 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles Nucleotide: NM_000594 Get FASTA Search GEO Profiles (View all 39 Nucleotide Accessions) Protein: BAC54944 Get FASTA Protein: NP_000585 Get FASTA Protein: BAF31279 Get FASTA Protein: BAE78639 Get FASTA Protein: AAC42098 Get FASTA Protein: ABM85775 Get FASTA Protein: ABM82588 Get FASTA Protein: Q9UBM5 Get FASTA Protein: Q5STB3 Get FASTA Protein: Q5RT83 Get FASTA Protein: P01375 Get FASTA Protein: CAA25650 Get FASTA Protein: AAA61198 Get FASTA Protein: ACO37640 Get FASTA Protein: AAH28148 Get FASTA Protein: BAG37464 Get FASTA Protein: CAB63905 Get FASTA Protein: CAB63904 Get FASTA Protein: AAF71992 Get FASTA Protein: AAC03542 Get FASTA Protein: BAG70306 Get FASTA Protein: CAA78745 Get FASTA Protein: CAA75070 Get FASTA Protein: CAA26669 Get FASTA Protein: AAA36758 Get FASTA Protein: AAA61200 Get FASTA Protein: CAI95946 Get FASTA Protein: CAQ07711 Get FASTA Protein: CAQ06935 Get FASTA Protein: EAX03424 Get FASTA Protein: CAQ09993 Get FASTA Protein: CAI41940 Get FASTA Protein: BAB63396 Get FASTA Protein: AAV63951 Get FASTA Protein: AAO21132 Get FASTA Protein: AAL47581 Get FASTA Protein: CAI18649 Get FASTA Protein: CAI17678 Get FASTA Protein: CAI18292 Get FASTA Protein: CAB65595 Get FASTA Protein: AAD18091 Get FASTA (View all 41 Protein Accessions)
Clusters	UniGene: 241570
References
Curated References	26 references in RGD related to TNF
Other References	2661 other references at PubMed related to TNF
Database Information
RGD ID	1344192
History	No Nomenclature events are recorded for this object