RGD Reference Report - Function of alternative splicing. - Rat Genome Database

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Function of alternative splicing.

Authors: Kelemen, O  Convertini, P  Zhang, Z  Wen, Y  Shen, M  Falaleeva, M  Stamm, S 
Citation: Kelemen O, etal., Gene. 2013 Feb 1;514(1):1-30. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.07.083. Epub 2012 Aug 15.
RGD ID: 9686408
Pubmed: PMID:22909801   (View Abstract at PubMed)
PMCID: PMC5632952   (View Article at PubMed Central)
DOI: DOI:10.1016/j.gene.2012.07.083   (Journal Full-text)

Almost all polymerase II transcripts undergo alternative pre-mRNA splicing. Here, we review the functions of alternative splicing events that have been experimentally determined. The overall function of alternative splicing is to increase the diversity of mRNAs expressed from the genome. Alternative splicing changes proteins encoded by mRNAs, which has profound functional effects. Experimental analysis of these protein isoforms showed that alternative splicing regulates binding between proteins, between proteins and nucleic acids as well as between proteins and membranes. Alternative splicing regulates the localization of proteins, their enzymatic properties and their interaction with ligands. In most cases, changes caused by individual splicing isoforms are small. However, cells typically coordinate numerous changes in 'splicing programs', which can have strong effects on cell proliferation, cell survival and properties of the nervous system. Due to its widespread usage and molecular versatility, alternative splicing emerges as a central element in gene regulation that interferes with almost every biological function analyzed.


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