RGD Reference Report - 5-Azacytidine prevents cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity and potentiates anticancer activity of cisplatin by involving inhibition of metallothionein, pAKT and DNMT1 expression in chemical induced cancer rats.

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5-Azacytidine prevents cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity and potentiates anticancer activity of cisplatin by involving inhibition of metallothionein, pAKT and DNMT1 expression in chemical induced cancer rats.
Authors:	Tikoo, K Ali, IY Gupta, J Gupta, C
Citation:	Tikoo K, etal., Toxicol Lett. 2009 Dec 15;191(2-3):158-66. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.08.018. Epub 2009 Aug 31.
RGD ID:	9588972
Pubmed:	PMID:19723570 (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI:	DOI:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.08.018 (Journal Full-text)
5-Azactydine inhibits cell growth by direct cytotoxic action as well as by inhibition of DNA methyl transferase enzyme. Inhibitors of DNMT have been reported to potentiate the therapeutic activity of cisplatin in vitro. Dose dependent bone marrow toxicity, neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity are the major side effects of cisplatin, limiting its use as an effective chemotherapeutic agent. The present study was aimed to reduce the nephrotoxic potential of cisplatin without compensating its potency. To best of our knowledge, this is the first report which shows that the combination of 5-azacytidine with cisplatin leads to remarkable reduction in nephrotoxicity, by involving inhibition of cisplatin induced metallothionein expression. 5-Azacytidine treatment with cisplatin leads to maximum reduction in tumor size in DMH induced colon cancer and tumor volume in DMBA induced breast cancer bearing SD rats. This combination regimen prevents phosphorylation and acetylation of histone H3 which may be involved in inhibition of aberrant gene expression in colon tumors. Further, 5-azacytidine potentiated cisplatin induced antitumor activity by involving decreased expression of pAKT, DNMT1 and an increased expression of p38 in colon tumors. Thus, combination of 5-azactydine with cisplatin attenuates the cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity and potentiates the anti-cancer activity which can have profound clinical implications.

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Term	Qualifier	Evidence	With	Reference	Notes	Source	Original Reference(s)
Colonic Neoplasms	treatment	ISO	Dnmt1 (Rattus norvegicus)	9588972; 9588972		RGD
Colonic Neoplasms	treatment	IDA		9588972		RGD

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)

Dnmt1 (DNA methyltransferase 1)

Genes (Mus musculus)

Dnmt1 (DNA methyltransferase 1)

Genes (Homo sapiens)

DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferase 1)

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5-Azacytidine prevents cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity and potentiates anticancer activity of cisplatin by involving inhibition of metallothionein, pAKT and DNMT1 expression in chemical induced cancer rats.