RGD Reference Report - Characterization of skin inflammation induced by repeated exposure of toluene, xylene, and formaldehyde in mice. - Rat Genome Database

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Characterization of skin inflammation induced by repeated exposure of toluene, xylene, and formaldehyde in mice.

Authors: Saito, A  Tanaka, H  Usuda, H  Shibata, T  Higashi, S  Yamashita, H  Inagaki, N  Nagai, H 
Citation: Saito A, etal., Environ Toxicol. 2011 Jun;26(3):224-32. doi: 10.1002/tox.20547.
RGD ID: 8657071
Pubmed: PMID:19904815   (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI: DOI:10.1002/tox.20547   (Journal Full-text)

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are considered the main cause of sick building syndrome and they are likely to irritate the skin, eyes, and mucous membrane; however, the toxic threshold and the mechanisms of cutaneous reaction induced by long-time VOC exposure have not been clarified. In the present study, we investigated the effect of repeated painting of VOCs onto mouse skin. Various concentrations of toluene, xylene, and formaldehyde (FA) were applied once a week for 5 weeks. While FA solution (2-10%) induced remarkable ear swelling and caused evident infiltration of inflammatory cells, high concentrations of toluene and xylene (50 or 100%) evoked mild ear swelling and marginal inflammatory cell invasion. In addition, FA exposure markedly increased the expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV-1) mRNAs in the ears and IL-4 and NT-3 mRNAs in the cervical lymph nodes. Furthermore, capsazepine, a TRPV-1 antagonist, significantly suppressed ear swelling caused by repeated painting of 5% FA. These findings demonstrate that FA has more potent irritancy against skin than toluene or xylene and suggest that the Th2 response, neurotrophins and TRPV-1 play important roles in FA-induced skin inflammation.

RGD Manual Disease Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
Drug Eruptions  ISOBdnf (Mus musculus)8657071; 8657071mRNA:increased expression:lymph node and ear:RGD 
Drug Eruptions  IEP 8657071mRNA:increased expression:lymph node and ear:RGD 

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Bdnf  (brain-derived neurotrophic factor)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Bdnf  (brain derived neurotrophic factor)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
BDNF  (brain derived neurotrophic factor)


Additional Information