RGD Reference Report - Retinyl ester hydrolases and their roles in vitamin A homeostasis. - Rat Genome Database

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Retinyl ester hydrolases and their roles in vitamin A homeostasis.

Authors: Schreiber, R  Taschler, U  Preiss-Landl, K  Wongsiriroj, N  Zimmermann, R  Lass, A 
Citation: Schreiber R, etal., Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Jan;1821(1):113-23. Epub 2011 May 8.
RGD ID: 6484678
Pubmed: PMID:21586336   (View Abstract at PubMed)
PMCID: PMC3242165   (View Article at PubMed Central)
DOI: DOI:10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.05.001   (Journal Full-text)

In mammals, dietary vitamin A intake is essential for the maintenance of adequate retinoid (vitamin A and metabolites) supply of tissues and organs. Retinoids are taken up from animal or plant sources and subsequently stored in form of hydrophobic, biologically inactive retinyl esters (REs). Accessibility of these REs in the intestine, the circulation, and their mobilization from intracellular lipid droplets depends on the hydrolytic action of RE hydrolases (REHs). In particular, the mobilization of hepatic RE stores requires REHs to maintain steady plasma retinol levels thereby assuring constant vitamin A supply in times of food deprivation or inadequate vitamin A intake. In this review, we focus on the roles of extracellular and intracellular REHs in vitamin A metabolism. Furthermore, we will discuss the tissue-specific function of REHs and highlight major gaps in the understanding of RE catabolism. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Retinoid and Lipid Metabolism.


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