RGD Reference Report - Evidence of a new phosphoryl transfer system in nucleotide metabolism. - Rat Genome Database

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Evidence of a new phosphoryl transfer system in nucleotide metabolism.

Authors: Vannoni, D  Leoncini, R  Giglioni, S  Niccolai, N  Spiga, O  Aceto, E  Marinello, E 
Citation: Vannoni D, etal., FEBS J. 2009 Jan;276(1):271-85. Epub 2008 Nov 27.
RGD ID: 5134369
Pubmed: PMID:19049516   (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI: DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06779.x   (Journal Full-text)

Crude rat liver extract showed AMP-AMP phosphotransferase activity which, on purification, was ascribed to a novel interaction between adenylate kinase, also known as myokinase (EC 2.7.4.3), and adenosine kinase (EC 2.7.1.20). The activity was duplicated using the same enzymes purified from recombinant sources. The reaction requires physical contact between myokinase and adenosine kinase, and the net reaction is aided by the presence of adenosine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.4), which fills the gap in the energy balance of the phosphoryl transfer and shifts the equilibrium towards ADP and inosine synthesis. The proposed mechanism involves the association of adenosine kinase and myokinase through non-covalent, transient interactions that induce slight conformational changes in the active site of myokinase, bringing two already bound molecules of AMP together for phosphoryl transfer to form ADP. The proposed mechanism suggests a physiological role for the enzymes and for the AMP-AMP phosphotransferase reaction under conditions of extreme energy drain (such as hypoxia or temporary anoxia, as in cancer tissues) when the enzymes cannot display their conventional activity because of substrate deficiency.

Gene Ontology Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

Biological Process
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
ADP biosynthetic process  IDA 5134369 RGD 
AMP metabolic process  IDA 5134369 RGD 
inosine biosynthetic process  IDA 5134369 RGD 

Molecular Function
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
adenylate kinase activity  IDA 5134369 RGD 
nucleobase-containing compound kinase activity contributes_toIDA 5134369AMP-AMP phosphotransferase activityRGD 
phosphotransferase activity, phosphate group as acceptor contributes_toIDA 5134369AMP:AMP phosphotransferaseRGD 

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Ak1  (adenylate kinase 1)
Ak2  (adenylate kinase 2)


Additional Information