RGD Reference Report - Hexavalent chromium-induced apoptosis of granulosa cells involves selective sub-cellular translocation of Bcl-2 members, ERK1/2 and p53. - Rat Genome Database

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Hexavalent chromium-induced apoptosis of granulosa cells involves selective sub-cellular translocation of Bcl-2 members, ERK1/2 and p53.

Authors: Banu, SK  Stanley, JA  Lee, J  Stephen, SD  Arosh, JA  Hoyer, PB  Burghardt, RC 
Citation: Banu SK, etal., Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Mar 15;251(3):253-66. Epub 2011 Jan 22.
RGD ID: 5128585
Pubmed: PMID:21262251   (View Abstract at PubMed)
PMCID: PMC3131794   (View Article at PubMed Central)
DOI: DOI:10.1016/j.taap.2011.01.011   (Journal Full-text)

Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) has been widely used in industries throughout the world. Increased usage of CrVI and atmospheric emission of CrVI from catalytic converters of automobiles, and its improper disposal causes various health hazards including female infertility. Recently we have reported that lactational exposure to CrVI induced a delay/arrest in follicular development at the secondary follicular stage. In order to investigate the underlying mechanism, primary cultures of rat granulosa cells were treated with 10muM potassium dichromate (CrVI) for 12 and 24h, with or without vitamin C pre-treatment for 24h. The effects of CrVI on intrinsic apoptotic pathway(s) were investigated. Our data indicated that CrVI: (i) induced DNA fragmentation and increased apoptosis, (ii) increased cytochrome c release from the mitochondria to cytosol, (iii) downregulated anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, HSP70 and HSP90; upregulated pro-apoptotic BAX and BAD, (iv) altered translocation of Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, BAX, BAD, HSP70 and HSP90 to the mitochondria, (v) upregulated p-ERK and p-JNK, and selectively translocated p-ERK to the mitochondria and nucleus, (vi) activated caspase-3 and PARP, and (vii) increased phosphorylation of p53 at ser-6, ser-9, ser-15, ser-20, ser-37, ser-46 and ser-392, increased p53 transcriptional activation, and downregulated MDM-2. Vitamin C pre-treatment mitigated CrVI effects on apoptosis and related pathways. Our study, for the first time provides a clear insight into the effect of CrVI on multiple pathways that lead to apoptosis of granulosa cells which could be mitigated by vitamin C.

Gene Ontology Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

Biological Process
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
cellular response to chromate  IEP 5128585 RGD 

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Bad  (BCL2-associated agonist of cell death)


Additional Information