RGD Reference Report - Plasma and brain matrix metalloproteinase-9 after acute focal cerebral ischemia in rats. - Rat Genome Database

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Plasma and brain matrix metalloproteinase-9 after acute focal cerebral ischemia in rats.

Authors: Park, KP  Rosell, A  Foerch, C  Xing, C  Kim, WJ  Lee, S  Opdenakker, G  Furie, KL  Lo, EH 
Citation: Park KP, etal., Stroke. 2009 Aug;40(8):2836-42. Epub 2009 Jun 25.
RGD ID: 2325825
Pubmed: PMID:19556529   (View Abstract at PubMed)
PMCID: PMC3712850   (View Article at PubMed Central)
DOI: DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.554824   (Journal Full-text)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) have been proposed to be a useful biomarker for assessing pathological events in brain. Here, we examined the temporal profiles of MMP-9 in blood and brain using a rat model of acute focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Plasma and brain levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were quantified at 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Infarct volumes at 24 hours were confirmed with 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium-chloride staining. RESULTS: In plasma, zymographic bands were detected between 70 and 95 kDa corresponding to pro-MMP-2, pro-MMP-9, and activated MMP-9. A higher 135-kDa band was also seen that is likely to be NGAL-conjugated MMP-9. After ischemia, there were no significant changes in pro-MMP-2, but plasma levels of pro-MMP-9 steadily increased over the course of 24 hours. Activated MMP-9 levels in plasma were significantly elevated only at 24 hours. Plasma NGAL-MMP-9 complexes showed a transient elevation between 3 to 6 hours, after which levels decreased back down to pre-ischemic baselines. In brain homogenates, pro-MMP-2, pro-MMP-9, and activated MMP-9 were seen but no NGAL-MMP-9 bands were detected. Compared to the contralateral hemisphere, MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels in ischemic brain progressively increased over the course of 24 hours. Overall levels of MMP-9 in plasma and brain were significantly correlated, especially at 24 hours. Plasma levels of pro-MMP-9 at 24 hours were correlated with final infarct volumes. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated plasma levels of MMP-9 appear to be correlated with brain levels within 24 hours of acute cerebral ischemia in rats. Further investigation into clinical profiles of MMP-9 in acute stroke patients may be useful.

RGD Manual Disease Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
Stroke  ISOMmp9 (Rattus norvegicus)2325825; 2325825protein:increased expression more ...RGD 
Stroke  IEP 2325825protein:increased expression more ...RGD 

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Mmp9  (matrix metallopeptidase 9)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Mmp9  (matrix metallopeptidase 9)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
MMP9  (matrix metallopeptidase 9)


Additional Information