RGD Reference Report - Spatial distribution of growth hormone receptor, insulin-like growth factor-I receptor and apoptotic chondrocytes during growth plate development. - Rat Genome Database

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Spatial distribution of growth hormone receptor, insulin-like growth factor-I receptor and apoptotic chondrocytes during growth plate development.

Authors: Cruickshank, J  Grossman, DI  Peng, RK  Famula, TR  Oberbauer, AM 
Citation: Cruickshank J, etal., J Endocrinol. 2005 Mar;184(3):543-53.
RGD ID: 2307373
Pubmed: PMID:15749813   (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI: DOI:10.1677/joe.1.05947   (Journal Full-text)

Linear bone growth depends upon proliferation, maturation, and apoptosis of growth plate chondrocytes, processes regulated by growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). To investigate the contribution of GH, IGF-I and apoptosis to growth plate function, the expression of GH receptor (GHR) and IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) mRNA were evaluated by in situ hybridization in fractionated costochondral growth plates of growing rats (at 2, 4, and 7 weeks). Apoptosis was determined by TUNEL assay and morphology in histological sections. GHR mRNA was greatest in resting cells with hypertropic cells increasing GHR expression with increasing age. Hypertropic and resting cell IGF-IR mRNA declined over the ages studied. Receptor mRNA expression was altered by exposing cells to GH or IGF-I. GH and IGF significantly decreased GHR mRNA in proliferative cells. GH and IGF also decreased IGF-IR mRNA in resting cells and the 2- and 4-week-old proliferative and hypertropic cells. Treating cells in culture with GH increased the number of apoptotic cells across all ages and zones. Histologically, apoptotic cells were observed at the chondro-osseous junction and within actively proliferating chondrocytes but not in resting cells. Apoptosis was highest at 4 weeks of age with lateral regions displaying the greatest number of cells undergoing apoptosis. These data indicate that apoptosis plays a role in growth plate function, particularly spatial configuration as indicated by the preferential lateral cell apoptosis. The susceptibility of proliferative cells to GHR and IGF-IR down regulation during the period of greatest apoptosis supports a role for the GH-IGF axis in both proliferation and apoptosis during growth plate development.

Gene Ontology Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

Biological Process
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
cartilage development involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis  IEP 2307373 RGD 

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Ghr  (growth hormone receptor)


Additional Information