Sms (spermine synthase) - Rat Genome Database

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Gene: Sms (spermine synthase) Rattus norvegicus
Analyze
Symbol: Sms
Name: spermine synthase
RGD ID: 1564826
Description: Enables spermine synthase activity. Involved in spermine biosynthetic process. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Snyder type. Orthologous to human SMS (spermine synthase); PARTICIPATES IN spermine metabolic pathway; methionine cycle/metabolic pathway; polyamine metabolic pathway; INTERACTS WITH 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine; 6-propyl-2-thiouracil; bisphenol A.
Type: protein-coding
RefSeq Status: PROVISIONAL
Previously known as: MGC124869
RGD Orthologs
Human
Mouse
Chinchilla
Bonobo
Dog
Squirrel
Pig
Green Monkey
Naked Mole-Rat
Alliance Genes
More Info more info ...
Related Pseudogenes: Sms-ps2  
Latest Assembly: mRatBN7.2 - mRatBN7.2 Assembly
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCr8X41,331,693 - 41,387,713 (+)NCBIGRCr8
mRatBN7.2X37,516,949 - 37,572,657 (+)NCBImRatBN7.2mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 EnsemblX37,516,931 - 37,570,822 (+)EnsemblmRatBN7.2 Ensembl
UTH_Rnor_SHR_UtxX38,715,556 - 38,768,732 (+)NCBIRnor_SHRUTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0X42,182,753 - 42,235,926 (+)NCBIRnor_SHRSPUTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0X39,867,459 - 39,920,628 (+)NCBIRnor_WKYUTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Rnor_6.0X40,363,646 - 40,415,110 (+)NCBIRnor6.0Rnor_6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 EnsemblX40,363,646 - 40,415,109 (+)EnsemblRnor6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0X40,674,244 - 40,725,968 (+)NCBIRnor5.0Rnor_5.0rn5Rnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4X58,816,210 - 58,870,980 (+)NCBIRGSC3.4RGSC_v3.4rn4RGSC3.4
CeleraX38,144,381 - 38,195,833 (+)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic MapXq21NCBI
JBrowse: View Region in Genome Browser (JBrowse)
Model


Gene-Chemical Interaction Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View
(1->4)-beta-D-glucan  (ISO)
1,1-dichloroethene  (ISO)
1,2-dichloroethane  (ISO)
17beta-hydroxy-17-methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one  (ISO)
17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one  (ISO)
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine  (EXP,ISO)
2,4,6-tribromophenol  (ISO)
2-hydroxypropanoic acid  (ISO)
3-isobutyl-1-methyl-7H-xanthine  (ISO)
4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane  (ISO)
5-fluorouracil  (ISO)
6-propyl-2-thiouracil  (EXP)
6alpha-methylprednisolone  (ISO)
Aflatoxin B2 alpha  (ISO)
aristolochic acid A  (ISO)
arsenous acid  (ISO)
atrazine  (ISO)
azathioprine  (ISO)
benzo[a]pyrene  (ISO)
bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate  (ISO)
bisphenol A  (EXP,ISO)
Bisphenol B  (ISO)
cadmium dichloride  (ISO)
carbon nanotube  (ISO)
CGP 52608  (ISO)
chlordecone  (ISO)
chloropicrin  (ISO)
dexamethasone  (ISO)
diarsenic trioxide  (ISO)
diethylstilbestrol  (ISO)
ethanol  (ISO)
folic acid  (ISO)
furan  (EXP)
indometacin  (EXP,ISO)
ivermectin  (ISO)
methimazole  (EXP)
methotrexate  (ISO)
methyl methanesulfonate  (ISO)
N-nitrosodiethylamine  (EXP)
oxaliplatin  (EXP)
paracetamol  (ISO)
perfluorohexanesulfonic acid  (ISO)
perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid  (ISO)
PhIP  (EXP)
pirinixic acid  (ISO)
piroxicam  (ISO)
prednisolone  (ISO)
propiconazole  (ISO)
rac-lactic acid  (ISO)
sodium arsenite  (ISO)
sodium aurothiomalate  (ISO)
sunitinib  (ISO)
T-2 toxin  (ISO)
tetrahydropalmatine  (ISO)
thioacetamide  (EXP)
topotecan  (EXP)
trichloroethene  (EXP)
triphenyl phosphate  (EXP)
triptonide  (ISO)
valproic acid  (ISO)
vancomycin  (ISO)

Gene Ontology Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View

Biological Process

Molecular Function

Molecular Pathway Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View
References

References - curated
# Reference Title Reference Citation
1. Aminooxy analogues of spermidine as inhibitors of spermine synthase and substrates of hepatic polyamine acetylating activity. Eloranta TO, etal., J Biochem. 1990 Oct;108(4):593-8.
2. Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Gaudet P, etal., Brief Bioinform. 2011 Sep;12(5):449-62. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbr042. Epub 2011 Aug 27.
3. S-adenosylmethionine in liver health, injury, and cancer. Lu SC and Mato JM, Physiol Rev. 2012 Oct;92(4):1515-42. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00047.2011.
4. OMIM Disease Annotation Pipeline OMIM Disease Annotation Pipeline
5. SMPDB Annotation Import Pipeline Pipeline to import SMPDB annotations from SMPDB into RGD
6. GOA pipeline RGD automated data pipeline
7. ClinVar Automated Import and Annotation Pipeline RGD automated import pipeline for ClinVar variants, variant-to-disease annotations and gene-to-disease annotations
8. Data Import for Chemical-Gene Interactions RGD automated import pipeline for gene-chemical interactions
9. Effects of inhibitors of spermidine synthase and spermine synthase on polyamine synthesis in rat tissues. Shirahata A, etal., Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 May 5;45(9):1897-903.
10. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Strausberg RL, etal., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):16899-903. Epub 2002 Dec 11.
11. A perspective of polyamine metabolism. Wallace HM, etal., Biochem J. 2003 Nov 15;376(Pt 1):1-14.
Additional References at PubMed
PMID:9467015   PMID:23376485   PMID:23533145  


Genomics

Comparative Map Data
Sms
(Rattus norvegicus - Norway rat)
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCr8X41,331,693 - 41,387,713 (+)NCBIGRCr8
mRatBN7.2X37,516,949 - 37,572,657 (+)NCBImRatBN7.2mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 EnsemblX37,516,931 - 37,570,822 (+)EnsemblmRatBN7.2 Ensembl
UTH_Rnor_SHR_UtxX38,715,556 - 38,768,732 (+)NCBIRnor_SHRUTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0X42,182,753 - 42,235,926 (+)NCBIRnor_SHRSPUTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0X39,867,459 - 39,920,628 (+)NCBIRnor_WKYUTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Rnor_6.0X40,363,646 - 40,415,110 (+)NCBIRnor6.0Rnor_6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 EnsemblX40,363,646 - 40,415,109 (+)EnsemblRnor6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0X40,674,244 - 40,725,968 (+)NCBIRnor5.0Rnor_5.0rn5Rnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4X58,816,210 - 58,870,980 (+)NCBIRGSC3.4RGSC_v3.4rn4RGSC3.4
CeleraX38,144,381 - 38,195,833 (+)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic MapXq21NCBI
SMS
(Homo sapiens - human)
Human AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCh38X21,940,709 - 21,994,837 (+)NCBIGRCh38GRCh38hg38GRCh38
GRCh38.p14 EnsemblX21,940,709 - 21,994,837 (+)EnsemblGRCh38hg38GRCh38
GRCh37X21,958,827 - 22,012,955 (+)NCBIGRCh37GRCh37hg19GRCh37
Build 36X21,868,763 - 21,922,876 (+)NCBINCBI36Build 36hg18NCBI36
Build 34X21,718,498 - 21,772,611NCBI
CeleraX26,079,796 - 26,133,909 (+)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic MapXp22.11NCBI
HuRefX19,699,279 - 19,753,795 (+)NCBIHuRef
CHM1_1X21,989,118 - 22,043,385 (+)NCBICHM1_1
T2T-CHM13v2.0X21,524,038 - 21,578,161 (+)NCBIT2T-CHM13v2.0
Sms
(Mus musculus - house mouse)
Mouse AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCm39X156,226,847 - 156,275,283 (-)NCBIGRCm39GRCm39mm39
GRCm39 EnsemblX156,226,851 - 156,275,283 (-)EnsemblGRCm39 Ensembl
GRCm38X157,443,851 - 157,492,287 (-)NCBIGRCm38GRCm38mm10GRCm38
GRCm38.p6 EnsemblX157,443,855 - 157,492,287 (-)EnsemblGRCm38mm10GRCm38
MGSCv37X153,881,886 - 153,929,978 (-)NCBIGRCm37MGSCv37mm9NCBIm37
MGSCv36X152,788,059 - 152,836,139 (-)NCBIMGSCv36mm8
CeleraX140,696,273 - 140,722,448 (-)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic MapXF4NCBI
cM MapX72.48NCBI
Sms
(Chinchilla lanigera - long-tailed chinchilla)
Chinchilla AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
ChiLan1.0 EnsemblNW_0049555092,276,878 - 2,329,620 (+)EnsemblChiLan1.0
ChiLan1.0NW_0049555092,277,501 - 2,328,612 (+)NCBIChiLan1.0ChiLan1.0
SMS
(Pan paniscus - bonobo/pygmy chimpanzee)
Bonobo AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
NHGRI_mPanPan1-v2X23,749,232 - 23,816,094 (+)NCBINHGRI_mPanPan1-v2
NHGRI_mPanPan1X23,752,622 - 23,819,491 (+)NCBINHGRI_mPanPan1
Mhudiblu_PPA_v0X14,571,432 - 14,625,601 (+)NCBIMhudiblu_PPA_v0Mhudiblu_PPA_v0panPan3
PanPan1.1X21,952,477 - 21,980,209 (+)NCBIpanpan1.1PanPan1.1panPan2
PanPan1.1 EnsemblX21,949,830 - 21,980,209 (+)Ensemblpanpan1.1panPan2
SMS
(Canis lupus familiaris - dog)
Dog AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
CanFam3.1X17,749,020 - 17,803,351 (+)NCBICanFam3.1CanFam3.1canFam3CanFam3.1
CanFam3.1 EnsemblX17,749,530 - 17,802,999 (+)EnsemblCanFam3.1canFam3CanFam3.1
ROS_Cfam_1.0X17,724,469 - 17,762,827 (+)NCBIROS_Cfam_1.0
UMICH_Zoey_3.1X17,741,907 - 17,796,615 (+)NCBIUMICH_Zoey_3.1
UNSW_CanFamBas_1.0X17,763,366 - 17,818,317 (+)NCBIUNSW_CanFamBas_1.0
UU_Cfam_GSD_1.0X17,823,900 - 17,878,940 (+)NCBIUU_Cfam_GSD_1.0
Sms
(Ictidomys tridecemlineatus - thirteen-lined ground squirrel)
Squirrel AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
HiC_Itri_2X10,755,764 - 10,814,207 (+)NCBIHiC_Itri_2
SpeTri2.0 EnsemblNW_0049366242,346,018 - 2,401,893 (-)EnsemblSpeTri2.0SpeTri2.0 Ensembl
SpeTri2.0NW_0049366242,345,573 - 2,402,157 (-)NCBISpeTri2.0SpeTri2.0SpeTri2.0
SMS
(Sus scrofa - pig)
Pig AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
Sscrofa11.1 EnsemblX18,118,256 - 18,169,390 (+)EnsemblSscrofa11.1susScr11Sscrofa11.1
Sscrofa11.1X18,118,332 - 18,169,396 (+)NCBISscrofa11.1Sscrofa11.1susScr11Sscrofa11.1
Sscrofa10.2X19,300,734 - 19,353,814 (+)NCBISscrofa10.2Sscrofa10.2susScr3
SMS
(Chlorocebus sabaeus - green monkey)
Green Monkey AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
ChlSab1.1X20,418,435 - 20,475,227 (+)NCBIChlSab1.1ChlSab1.1chlSab2
ChlSab1.1 EnsemblX20,418,494 - 20,476,276 (+)EnsemblChlSab1.1ChlSab1.1 EnsemblchlSab2
Vero_WHO_p1.0NW_02366605622,273,775 - 22,330,746 (+)NCBIVero_WHO_p1.0Vero_WHO_p1.0
Sms
(Heterocephalus glaber - naked mole-rat)
Naked Mole-Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
HetGla_female_1.0 EnsemblNW_0046248296,883,027 - 6,931,389 (+)EnsemblHetGla_female_1.0HetGla_female_1.0 EnsemblhetGla2
HetGla 1.0NW_0046248296,883,018 - 6,931,646 (+)NCBIHetGla_female_1.0HetGla 1.0hetGla2

Variants

.
Variants in Sms
140 total Variants
miRNA Target Status

Predicted Target Of
Summary Value
Count of predictions:268
Count of miRNA genes:187
Interacting mature miRNAs:214
Transcripts:ENSRNOT00000010135
Prediction methods:Microtar, Miranda, Rnahybrid
Result types:miRGate_prediction

The detailed report is available here: Full Report CSV TAB Printer

miRNA Target Status data imported from miRGate (http://mirgate.bioinfo.cnio.es/).
For more information about miRGate, see PMID:25858286 or access the full paper here.


QTLs in Region (mRatBN7.2)
The following QTLs overlap with this region.    Full Report CSV TAB Printer Gviewer
RGD IDSymbolNameLODP ValueTraitSub TraitChrStartStopSpecies
731181Uae27Urinary albumin excretion QTL 272.70.0059urine albumin amount (VT:0002871)urine albumin excretion rate (CMO:0000757)X143491017Rat
1298071Edpm12Estrogen-dependent pituitary mass QTL 123.2pituitary gland mass (VT:0010496)pituitary gland wet weight (CMO:0000853)X292789847927898Rat
10755455Coatc13Coat color QTL 130coat/hair pigmentation trait (VT:0010463)pigmented ventral coat/hair area to total ventral coat/hair area ratio (CMO:0001812)7440600049406000Rat
631666Iddm5Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus QTL 5blood glucose amount (VT:0000188)plasma glucose level (CMO:0000042)X449454949494549Rat
61430Cia18Collagen induced arthritis QTL 183.1joint integrity trait (VT:0010548)joint inflammation composite score (CMO:0000919)X14843113120568734Rat
71116Niddm16Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus QTL 167.81blood glucose amount (VT:0000188)plasma glucose level (CMO:0000042)X1529780260297802Rat
1598873Memor2Memory QTL 22.5exploratory behavior trait (VT:0010471)average horizontal distance between subject and target during voluntary locomotion in an experimental apparatus (CMO:0002674)X2099094741052531Rat
2290375Gluco34Glucose level QTL 342.75blood glucose amount (VT:0000188)blood glucose level area under curve (AUC) (CMO:0000350)X2099094741203591Rat

Markers in Region
BF391013  
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceJBrowse
Cytogenetic MapXq21UniSTS


Expression


RNA-SEQ Expression
High: > 1000 TPM value   Medium: Between 11 and 1000 TPM
Low: Between 0.5 and 10 TPM   Below Cutoff: < 0.5 TPM

alimentary part of gastrointestinal system circulatory system endocrine system exocrine system hemolymphoid system hepatobiliary system integumental system musculoskeletal system nervous system renal system reproductive system respiratory system appendage
High
Medium 3 28 34 18 19 18 2 4 74 35 34 11 2
Low 15 23 23 23 6 7 7 6
Below cutoff

Sequence


RefSeq Acc Id: ENSRNOT00000010135   ⟹   ENSRNOP00000010135
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
mRatBN7.2 EnsemblX37,516,931 - 37,570,822 (+)Ensembl
Rnor_6.0 EnsemblX40,363,646 - 40,415,109 (+)Ensembl
RefSeq Acc Id: NM_001033899   ⟹   NP_001029071
RefSeq Status: PROVISIONAL
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8X41,332,003 - 41,385,880 (+)NCBI
mRatBN7.2X37,516,949 - 37,570,824 (+)NCBI
Rnor_6.0X40,363,646 - 40,415,110 (+)NCBI
Rnor_5.0X40,674,244 - 40,725,968 (+)NCBI
RGSC_v3.4X58,816,210 - 58,870,980 (+)RGD
CeleraX38,144,381 - 38,195,833 (+)RGD
Sequence:
RefSeq Acc Id: XR_010061205
Type: NON-CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8X41,331,693 - 41,387,713 (+)NCBI
RefSeq Acc Id: XR_010061206
Type: NON-CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8X41,331,700 - 41,387,713 (+)NCBI
RefSeq Acc Id: XR_010061207
Type: NON-CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8X41,332,934 - 41,387,713 (+)NCBI
Protein Sequences
Protein RefSeqs NP_001029071 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer  
GenBank Protein AAI01871 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer  
Ensembl Protein ENSRNOP00000010135
  ENSRNOP00000010135.6
  ENSRNOP00000097978.1
RefSeq Acc Id: NP_001029071   ⟸   NM_001033899
- UniProtKB: Q3MIE9 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL),   A0A8I6AVR1 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL),   A6KHY9 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
- Sequence:
RefSeq Acc Id: ENSRNOP00000010135   ⟸   ENSRNOT00000010135
Protein Domains
PABS

Protein Structures
Name Modeler Protein Id AA Range Protein Structure
AF-Q3MIE9-F1-model_v2 AlphaFold Q3MIE9 1-366 view protein structure

Transcriptome

eQTL   View at Phenogen
WGCNA   View at Phenogen
Tissue/Strain Expression   View at Phenogen

Promoters
RGD ID:13701815
Promoter ID:EPDNEW_R12339
Type:initiation region
Name:Sms_1
Description:spermine synthase
SO ACC ID:SO:0000170
Source:EPDNEW (Eukaryotic Promoter Database, http://epd.vital-it.ch/)
Experiment Methods:Single-end sequencing.
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
Rnor_6.0X40,363,586 - 40,363,646EPDNEW

Additional Information

Database Acc Id Source(s)
AGR Gene RGD:1564826 AgrOrtholog
BioCyc Gene G2FUF-2462 BioCyc
BioCyc Pathway ARGSPECAT-PWY [spermine biosynthesis] BioCyc
BioCyc Pathway Image ARGSPECAT-PWY BioCyc
Ensembl Genes ENSRNOG00000007688 Ensembl, ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  ENSRNOG00000031275 UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Ensembl Transcript ENSRNOT00000010135 ENTREZGENE
  ENSRNOT00000010135.7 UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  ENSRNOT00000051667.2 UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Gene3D-CATH 2.30.140.10 UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  3.40.50.150 UniProtKB/TrEMBL
IMAGE_CLONE IMAGE:5621864 IMAGE-MGC_LOAD
InterPro PABS UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  PABS_CS UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  SAM-dependent_MTases-like UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  Spermidine_synt_N UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  Spermidine_synt_N_sf UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  Spermine_synthase_animal UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  SpmSyn_N UniProtKB/TrEMBL
KEGG Report rno:363469 UniProtKB/TrEMBL
MGC_CLONE MGC:124869 IMAGE-MGC_LOAD
NCBI Gene 363469 ENTREZGENE
PANTHER PTHR46315 UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  SPERMINE SYNTHASE UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Pfam Spermine_synt_N UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  Spermine_synth UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  SpmSyn_N UniProtKB/TrEMBL
PhenoGen Sms PhenoGen
PROSITE SPERMIDINE_SYNTHASE_1 UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  SPERMIDINE_SYNTHASE_2 UniProtKB/TrEMBL
RatGTEx ENSRNOG00000007688 RatGTEx
  ENSRNOG00000031275 RatGTEx
Superfamily-SCOP SSF53335 UniProtKB/TrEMBL
UniProt A0A8I6AVR1 ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  A6KHY9 ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  F7EX49_RAT UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  Q3MIE9 ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL


Nomenclature History
Date Current Symbol Current Name Previous Symbol Previous Name Description Reference Status
2006-02-09 Sms  spermine synthase      Symbol and Name status set to provisional 70820 PROVISIONAL