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Gene Ontology Annotations
Gene Ontology AnnotationsBiological Process Term | Qualifier | Evidence | With | Reference | Notes | Source | Original Reference(s) | angiogenesis | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3805145|PMID:18505784 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3805145 PMID:18505784 | apoptotic process | | IEP | | 69808 | | RGD | | branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:88180 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3714585 PMID:17522159 | branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3834346|PMID:17077323 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3834346 PMID:17077323 | cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:4845816|PMID:20660291 | RGD | MGI:MGI:4845816 PMID:20660291 | cell morphogenesis | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:16545136 | RGD | PMID:16545136 | cell-cell signaling | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3046937 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3045644 PMID:15201225 | cell-cell signaling | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | collagen fibril organization | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:15539560 | RGD | PMID:15539560 | collagen fibril organization | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSP00000300177 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | determination of dorsal identity | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:9660951 | RGD | PMID:9660951 | determination of dorsal identity | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSP00000300177 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | embryonic limb morphogenesis | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3054923 | RGD | MGI:MGI:2665160 PMID:12808456 | embryonic limb morphogenesis | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | endothelial cell migration | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3834346|PMID:17077323 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3834346 PMID:17077323 | mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3714585|PMID:17522159 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3714585 PMID:17522159 | mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3046937 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3714585 PMID:17522159 | negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSP00000300177 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:16816361 | RGD | PMID:16816361 | negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:15539560 | RGD | PMID:15539560 | negative regulation of bone mineralization | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:15539560 | RGD | PMID:15539560 | negative regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:15539560 | RGD | PMID:15539560 | negative regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSP00000300177 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | negative regulation of bone remodeling | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:15539560 | RGD | PMID:15539560 | negative regulation of bone remodeling | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSP00000300177 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | negative regulation of bone trabecula formation | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:15539560 | RGD | PMID:15539560 | negative regulation of bone trabecula formation | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSP00000300177 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | negative regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:4949995|PMID:21281623 | RGD | MGI:MGI:4949995 PMID:21281623 | negative regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | negative regulation of canonical Wnt receptor signaling pathway | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:15539560 | RGD | PMID:15539560 | negative regulation of canonical Wnt receptor signaling pathway | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSP00000300177 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | negative regulation of cell growth | | IMP | | 69808 | | RGD | | negative regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis | | IDA | | 2303400 | | RGD | | negative regulation of monocyte chemotaxis | | IDA | | 2303400 | PMID:15528323 | BHF-UCL | | negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:15539560 | RGD | PMID:15539560 | negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSP00000300177 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | negative regulation of osteoclast proliferation | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:15539560 | RGD | PMID:15539560 | negative regulation of osteoclast proliferation | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSP00000300177 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | negative regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:15539560 | RGD | PMID:15539560 | negative regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSP00000300177 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3714585|PMID:17522159 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3714585 PMID:17522159 | negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | organ morphogenesis | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:1856289 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3046629 PMID:15198975 | positive regulation of angiogenesis | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3834346|PMID:17077323 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3834346 PMID:17077323 | positive regulation of angiogenesis | | IMP | | | PMID:17077323 | BHF-UCL | PMID:17077323 | positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3714585|PMID:17522159 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3714585 PMID:17522159 | positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:5315691|PMID:18545679 | RGD | MGI:MGI:5315691 PMID:18545679 | positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | positive regulation of cell proliferation | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:16545136 | RGD | PMID:16545136 | positive regulation of cell proliferation | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSP00000300177 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3805145|PMID:18505784 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3805145 PMID:18505784 | positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3805145|PMID:18505784 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3805145 PMID:18505784 | positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:4845816|PMID:20660291 | RGD | MGI:MGI:4845816 PMID:20660291 | positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3834346|PMID:17077323 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3834346 PMID:17077323 | positive regulation of receptor internalization | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:4845816|PMID:20660291 | RGD | MGI:MGI:4845816 PMID:20660291 | positive regulation of receptor internalization | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | positive regulation of telomerase activity | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:16545136 | RGD | PMID:16545136 | positive regulation of telomerase activity | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSP00000300177 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:5318033|PMID:12135612 | RGD | MGI:MGI:5318033 PMID:12135612 | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in myocardial precursor cell differentiation | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:5315691|PMID:18545679 | RGD | MGI:MGI:5315691 PMID:18545679 | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in myocardial precursor cell differentiation | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3714585|PMID:17522159 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3714585 PMID:17522159 | proximal/distal pattern formation | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3054923 | RGD | MGI:MGI:2665160 PMID:12808456 | proximal/distal pattern formation | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition | | ISO | RGD:1346462 | 1624291 | PMID:16816361 | RGD | PMID:16816361 | regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSP00000300177 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | regulation of focal adhesion assembly | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3834346|PMID:17077323 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3834346 PMID:17077323 | regulation of focal adhesion assembly | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade | NOT | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:5318033|PMID:12135612 | RGD | MGI:MGI:5318033 PMID:12135612 | signal transduction by p53 class mediator | NOT | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | UniProtKB:P04637 | RGD | MGI:MGI:5318033 PMID:12135612 | ureteric bud formation | | ISO | RGD:735959 | 1624291 | MGI:MGI:3714585|PMID:17522159 | RGD | MGI:MGI:3714585 PMID:17522159 | ureteric bud formation | | IEA | Ensembl:ENSMUSP00000097170 | 1600115 | GO_REF:0000019 | ENSEMBL | GO_REF:0000019 | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Molecular Pathway Annotations| External Database Links | |
| Pathway Interaction Database | BMP receptor signaling (PID:200144) |
Gene-Chemical Interaction Annotations
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Gene Ontology Annotations
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Molecular Pathway Annotations
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| External Database Links | |
| Pathway Interaction Database | BMP receptor signaling (PID:200144) |
References - curated| 1. |
Chen B, etal., J Immunol. 2004 Nov 15;173(10):5914-7. |
| 2. |
GOA data from the GO Consortium |
| 3. |
MGD data from the GO Consortium |
| 4. |
NCBI rat LocusLink and RefSeq merged data July 26, 2002 |
| 5. |
Pipeline to import Pathway Interaction Database annotations from NCI into RGD |
| 6. |
RGD automated data pipeline |
| 7. |
RGD automated import pipeline for gene-chemical interactions |
| 8. |
Tentative Sequence Data IDs. TIGR Gene Index, Rat Data |
| 9. |
Topol LZ, etal., J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 24;275(12):8785-93. |
| 10. |
Topol LZ, etal., Mol Cell Biol 1997 Aug;17(8):4801-10. |
References - uncurated
RGD Disease Portals| Grem1 has been annotated in the following RGD Disease Portals. |
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Comparative Map Data| Grem1 (Rattus norvegicus) |
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| GREM1 (Homo sapiens) |
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| Grem1 (Mus musculus) |
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Position Markers| Grem1 |
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QTLs in Region (RGSC Genome Assembly v3.4)| The following QTLs overlap with this region. | ![]() | Full Report | ![]() | CSV | ![]() | TAB | ![]() | Printer | ![]() | Gviewer |
Nucleotide Sequences| Nucleotide RefSeqs | NM_019282 | (Get FASTA) | Search GEO for Microarray Profiles |
| GenBank Nucleotide | AABR06025604 | (Get FASTA) | Search GEO for Microarray Profiles |
| AAHX01024376 | (Get FASTA) | Search GEO for Microarray Profiles | |
| CH473949 | (Get FASTA) | Search GEO for Microarray Profiles | |
| Y10019 | (Get FASTA) | Search GEO for Microarray Profiles |
| RefSeq Acc Id: | NM_019282 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| RefSeq Status: | VALIDATED | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Type: | CODING | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Protein Acc Id: | NP_062155 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Peptide Label: | precursor | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Position: |
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Protein Sequences| Protein RefSeqs | NP_062155 | (Get FASTA) |
| GenBank Protein | CAA71126 | (Get FASTA) |
| EDL79816 | (Get FASTA) | |
| EDL79817 | (Get FASTA) | |
| O35793 | (Get FASTA) |
Strain Sequence Variants
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External Database Links| Database | Acc Id | Source(s) |
| Ensembl Genes | ENSRNOG00000026053 | UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| Ensembl Protein | ENSRNOP00000035888 | UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| Ensembl Transcript | ENSRNOT00000037895 | UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| Entrez Gene | 50566 | ENTREZGENE |
| Germonline | ENSRNOG00000026053 | UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| HomoloGene Group ID | 8022 | ENTREZGENE |
| InterPro | Cys_knot_C | UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| DAN | UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot | |
| Gremlin_precursor | UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot | |
| IPI | IPI00212443 | UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| KEGG Report | rno:50566 | ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| Pfam | DAN | UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| PIRSF | Gremlin_precursor | UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| PROSITE | CTCK_2; FALSE_NEG | UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SMART | SM00041 | UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| TIGR | TC208374 | |
| UniGene | Rn.42929 | ENTREZGENE |
| UniProt | GREM1_RAT | UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
Nomenclature History| Date | Current Symbol | Current Name | Previous Symbol | Previous Name | Description | Reference | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011-08-02 | Grem1 | gremlin 1 | Grem1 | gremlin 1, cysteine knot superfamily, homolog (Xenopus laevis) | Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature | 10779 | APPROVED |
| 2008-10-24 | Grem1 | gremlin 1, cysteine knot superfamily, homolog (Xenopus laevis) | Grem1 | gremlin 1 | Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature | 10779 | APPROVED |
| 2008-02-15 | Grem1 | gremlin 1 | Grem1 | gremlin 1 homolog, cysteine knot superfamily (Xenopus laevis) | Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature | 10779 | APPROVED |
| 2005-03-17 | Grem1 | gremlin 1 homolog, cysteine knot superfamily (Xenopus laevis) | Cktsf1b1 | cysteine knot superfamily 1, BMP antagonist 1 | Symbol and Name updated to reflect Human and Mouse nomenclature | 10779 | APPROVED |
| 2002-06-10 | Cktsf1b1 | cysteine knot superfamily 1, BMP antagonist 1 | Symbol and Name status set to approved | 1490 | APPROVED |
RGD Curation Notes| Note Type | Note | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| gene_expression | expressed at high levels in normal fibroblasts (REF-1 cells) and in revertant v-mos transformed cells; downregulated in parental v-mos transformed cells | 69808 |
| gene_expression | expressed at high levels in brain, spleen, kidney, testis; little to no expression in heart, liver, skeletal muscle | 69808 |
| gene_process | high expression levels may induce cellular apoptosis if cells are not transformed by oncogenes | 69808 |
| gene_process | may play a role in cellular growth control, cellular viability and tissue-specific cellular differentiation | 69808 |
| gene_protein | 184 amino acid protein predicted from open reading frame; 20.7 kDa protein detected | 69808 |
| gene_regulation | expression in fibroblasts suppressed by v-ras, v-src, v-raf and v-fos | 69808 |
| More on Grem1 | |
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Entrez Gene |
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Ensembl Gene |
![]() | Genome Browser |
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NCBI Map Viewer |
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Vista |
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Vista + UCSC |
| RGD Object Information | |
| RGD ID: | 2359 |
| Created: | 2000-05-25 |
| Species: | Rattus norvegicus |
| Last Modified: | 2013-04-16 |
| Status: | ACTIVE |
© Bioinformatics Program, HMGC at the Medical College of Wisconsin
RGD is funded by grant HL64541 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute on behalf of the NIH.




