A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.
autolysis
autophagic cell death +
cornification +
cuproptosis
ferroptosis +
granzyme-mediated programmed cell death signaling pathway +
mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in programmed cell death +
negative regulation of programmed cell death +
positive regulation of programmed cell death +
programmed cell death in response to reactive oxygen species +
programmed cell death in response to retinoic acid
programmed cell death involved in cell development +
programmed necrotic cell death +
pyroptosis +
regulation of programmed cell death +
symbiont-induced defense-related programmed cell death +